Showing posts with label Chickasaw. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Chickasaw. Show all posts

11 November 2018

Now You See Her… or Money, Murder and Madness, Part Four

by Rebecca J. Becker

Sue Hill
portrait sketch by Rebecca J. Becker


"When Miss Sue Hill, beautiful and 22 years old, has played her part as a star witness in the defense of her brother, she will return to her Oklahoma home to attend the trial of her divorced husband and father of her 3-year-old child, who is accused of the murder of Miss Hill’s alleged sweetheart..." (1)

October, 1921:  Sue Hill was desperately trying to save two men - - her brother, William Riley Hill, and her former husband, Robert Oren Peevy.  

Newspapers increasingly used racial epithets to characterize William Riley, referring to him as a shiftless, worthless half-breed.


William Riley Hill, below, and his ex-wife Thelma Hill
from The Denver Post, 27 August 1924, Page 13
 
Part of Sue Hill's argument was to defend William Riley's social and economic status.  She reminded the court that their mother had been a member of a prominent Chickasaw family well known in Oklahoma, and that their father had left his family a fortune valued at well over three million dollars:

23,000 ACRES OF LAND LEFT BY FATHER.

Sue Hill, who is a graduate of Crescent College... had the following to say Thursday regarding the Hill estate:

“... Our father left us 23,000 acres in the Pauls Valley oil district. The land is worth $150 an acre.   We have not enjoyed any of the income yet because my youngest sister, Ruth, must become of age before any of us get the property.  That will be very soon now.” (2)

Ruth Hill was currently a high school student back in Sue's hometown, Pauls Valley, Oklahoma.

Ruth Hill is second from left, back row
Junior Class photograph from Pauls Valley high school yearbook, 1922

Startlingly, so was Robert Oren Peevy, Jr.!

Robert Oren Peevy, Jr. is far left, back row
Pauls Valley high school yearbook, 1922

This boy was not Sue's son - - he was the firstborn child of her ex-husband.

So who was the boy's mother?

Her name was Maude Rydens [or Ridings] Peevy, and although Robert Oren Peevy Sr. was very much alive, Maude was listed as a widow in the Southwestern Insane Asylum (now the San Antonio State Hospital).  


Southwestern Insane Asylum, Bexar County, Texas

Peevy had committed Maude to the asylum not long after their son's birth, and she had been an inmate within its walls for years.  

In the 1950s, Maude Peevy was moved to the Kerrville State Hospital, where she died on Valentine's Day, 1961.

But in October, 1921, back in Pauls Valley, Oklahoma- - two weeks before her brother's trial began in Colorado, Robert Oren Peevy had calmly walked up to Sue's lover on a crowded street, and put five bullets into the man.

Now it would be Peevy himself whose sanity was in question.  

But first Sue tried to save her brother, to no avail.

William Riley Hill
portrait sketch by Rebecca J. Becker

Within days of her ex-husband's arrest, despite her best attempts to prove his innocence, a Colorado jury found  William Riley Hill, guilty of murder.  He was sentenced to life imprisonment.  


(Under Colorado law, because all the evidence had been circumstantial, the judge could not sentence Hill to death.)

Now Sue faced her ex-husband's upcoming trial, knowing that her best efforts might again prove futile.  

Perhaps it was this knowledge that drove her to such a desperate and public unveiling.

WOMAN UNVEILS SECRET OF LIFE TO SAVE PEEVY
Frank Pruett, Slain Ardmore Oil Man, Was “Best Friend” to Man Now on Trial at Pauls Valley.
(Special to The Ardmoreite).

... Defense statement is that:  R. O. Peevy and Miss Sue Hill were married in April, 1914, Frank Pruett, oil man, was Peevy’s best friend, but while pretending friendship he began making love to Mrs. Peevy, who was but a girl 17 years old, while her husband was 35 years old.

Finally succeeding in gaining the affections of Mrs. Peevy, he persuaded her to bring suit for divorce against her husband.


After this was granted, the woman took the child custody of which was given her by the court, and traveled with Pruett as his wife. Later she went with Pruett to Ardmore where Mrs. Pruett lived with him clandestinely.

At Pruett’s insistent demand she submitted to an operation in a town in Texas and hovered between life and death for several days as a result, coming again to Oklahoma City her former husband made a visit to her, attempting to bring about a reconciliation. Here the woman told him the story of Pruett’s influence over her and he went away.

Meeting Pruett upon the streets of Pauls Valley Peevy suddenly was filled with rage against the man who had broken up his home, and killed him.

Insanity Hinted

It is expected that through this the defense will attempt to show that Peevy was temporarily insane when he walked up to Pruett and shot him four [sic] times, killing him instantly. (3)
 Sue's young son, Lucian, stood by his father's side during jury selection, holding his father's hand.

Robert Oren Peevy
portrait sketch by Rebecca J. Becker

Perhaps her testimony was, in part, a bid for Lucian's future as well as for his father's.

Whatever motivations lay behind her courageous actions, this time Sue's testimony proved nearly miraculous: 

Tulsa World [Tulsa, Oklahoma] 15 January 1922, Page 6:

UNWRITTEN LAW FREES

Peevy Cleared of Murder of Frank Pruett at Pauls Valley

PAULS VALLEY, Jan. 14. - - R. O. Peevy, who had been charged with the killing of Frank Pruett, October 3, 1921, on the streets of Pauls Valley, was found not guilty late today by a jury in district court after 42 minutes retirement.

Both Pruett and Peevy live in Pauls Valley.

The unwritten law and insanity were the principal pleas of the defense. Of the 150-odd witnesses called during the five days term, Mrs. Peevy, wife of the freed man, was the outstanding one.
But any joy over Peevy's release from prison was tempered by the horrifying news emblazoned in headlines across the nation:

Hill Admits Murder of Stepdaughterfront page of Rocky Mountain News [Denver, Colorado] 23 February 1922


Sue's brother, William Riley Hill, had written a confession, admitting that he had, indeed, brutally murdered his stepdaughter.


His reason?  

He said he had been insane.

Sue, who had never wavered in her brother's defense, and who had spent so long working for his release, must have been devastated at his confession. 

We have no record that she ever visited him again.

Despite the judge's sentencing, William Riley Hill did not spend the rest of his life in prison.

Records show that prison officials considered him unbalanced shortly after he was first imprisoned, but prison medical personnel attributed his mental illness to an advanced case of syphilis.   Once prison doctors treated the physical disease, they noted an improvement in William Riley's mental health, but apparently it didn't last.

Sue's brother was then transferred to the Colorado Insane Asylum (later known as the Colorado State Hospital) in Pueblo, where he died, many decades later.


Colorado Insane Asylum (later Colorado State Hospital)

What would happen to Sue Hill after such unbearable drama, after her brother's confession, and after having allowed thousands of strangers to share the secrets of her own adultery and betrayal?

For a short while, Sue and her son Lucian were reunited with Robert Oren Peevy, living with him in Oklahoma City.


Perhaps it was too much to expect that they'd be able to build a stable family life on such a turbulent foundation.  Or, perhaps there was already another romantic partner waiting in the wings...

We mentioned, in Part Three, a witness who testified at Sue Hill's ex-husband's trial - - a man we suggested you keep in mind as we continued with Part Four.

Billy Frame
portrait sketch by Rebecca J. Becker

That witness was Billy Frame.  Frame admitted he'd acted as the messenger for Sue's murdered lover, Frank Pruett, and had delivered love letters and money to Sue on Frank's behalf.


Did Frame fall in love with Sue Hill, even then?  Did they meet by chance, months after the trial was over?  Or did Sue turn to him when her attempts at reconciliation with Peevy failed?

All we know for certain is revealed in two documents from 1925  The first, an Oklahoma City directory, shows Sue and Robert Oren Peevy sharing the same address on East 7th Street in that city.

The second - - from September, 1925 - - is a marriage license for Sue Hill and William Johnson Frame: Billy Frame, the go-between who testified at Robert Oren Peevy's trial.


Sue Hill and William Johnson Frame - Marriage License and Certificate

Finally, she found a husband from whom she didn't want to run away.  The marriage lasted until Frame's death, in 1944.  The couple lived together in Frame's hometown of Ardmore, Oklahoma.

In 1926 - - the year after Sue married Billy Frame - - Sue's youngest sister, Ruth Hill, also got married.  

Ruth Hill
portrait sketch by Rebecca J. Becker

At last their father's estate, valued at over $3 million, could be distributed.  Sue and William Frame don't seem to have lived an opulent life, though - - they lived in a very modest brick bungalow, and their names never appear in the society pages.


After Frame's death, Sue made one more attempt at marital bliss.  

Shortly after becoming a widow, she married W. T. Flippin in Oklahoma City - - only to divorce him the following year, on the grounds of cruelty.

Sue returned to calling herself Mrs. William J. Frame, and erased Flippin from her life completely.  

By 1952 Sue was living in Los Angeles, and she seems to have found her niche in California.

For the next twenty years, she was rarely out of The Los Angeles Times' society pages.   As a member of the Turf Club, her name is linked with such notables as James Stewart, Desi Arnaz, Jimmy Durante and Ann Miller,  and she never missed the opening of Santa Anita racetrack, or the Hollywood Park.

from The Los Angeles Times [Los Angeles, California] 03 May 1957, Page 92

On the 16th of April 1969, William Riley Hill died, still a resident of the Colorado State Hospital (formerly the Colorado Insane Asylum).


Four years later, on the 27th of November, 1972, Sue died.  She's buried in Rose Hills Memorial Park in Whittier, California.  

It had been nearly sixty years since Sue Hill and Nola Beam accepted a dare, and ran away from Crescent College.

Nola Beam
portrait sketch by Rebecca J. Becker


Nola outlived her best friend and  fellow outlaw by twenty years.  She'd married Morris Adair Wilkins in 1915, and they were together until his death.  She was 92 years old when she died in Arkansas City, Kansas, in 1992.  

Two girls, with eerily similar troubled childhoods among families tormented by tragedy and loss.  

Two students who found friendship and adventure together, for a time, at Crescent College.

Two young women whose lives followed such very, very different paths...


We celebrate them both, and all the other students and faculty who found shelter for a time in the limestone castle in the Ozarks.

If you, or anyone you know, is related to Nola Beam, Sue Hill, or any other Crescent College student or faculty member, please get in touch!  We would love to hear from you!!

















































---------

(1) The Denver Post [Denver, Colorado] 27 October 1921, Page 1. 

(2) The Denver Post [Denver, Colorado] 27 Octoebr 1921, Page 4.
(3) The Daily Ardmoreite [Ardmore, Oklahoma] 11 January 1922, Page 8.





03 September 2018

Now You See Her... or, Money, Murder and Madness, Part Two



 
Sue Hill
portrait sketch by Rebecca J. Becker
Now You See Her...
Or, Money, Murder and Madness - - Part Two
by Rebecca J. Becker

One whimsical feature in Crescent College’s 1914 yearbook was a list revealing each student’s favorite expression.  Nola Beam’s was, “You just kill me!”  Sue Hill’s was, simply, “Golly!”


Nola Beam (after a tumultuous beginning, running away with Sue Hill) finished a successful school year and went on to live a peaceful and happy life.

Sue Hill's story was much darker.  Warning: this is not a story for the very young, or for the squeamish.  

When we left her at the end of Part One, Sue had missed Crescent College's 1914 Commencement exercises in May because she'd gotten married in April. 

Robert Oren Peevy
portrait sketch by Rebecca J. Becker

We don't know how or when Robert Oren Peevy met Sue Hill, but on 7 May, 1914 Sue's hometown paper, the Pauls Valley Democrat, announced:
PEEVY-HILL
The Democrat was negligent last week in not announcing the important wedding of Mr. R. O. Peevy and Miss Sue Hill, which took place at Gainesville, Texas.  Mr. Peevy is proprietor of the Economy Store and he is one of the rising young business men of this city. 

The bride is a daughter of the late John T. Hill and was born and reared in this city. 

The family is prominent in social and business affairs, and she has been educated at the best schools in the land, and her personal charms and gentle disposition have made her many friends.

Mr. and Mrs. Peevy at present are at the Lovell hotel.
 
Frank N. Pruett
(Robert Oren Peevy's best friend)
portrait sketch by Rebecca J. Becker

Robert Oren Peevy's best friend, Frank Pruett, might have been a member of the wedding party, along with Sue's brother, William Riley Hill.  If so, two murderers and one victim would have shared in the nuptial celebration.

ad for the Economy Store in Pauls Valley, Oklahoma
(managed by Robert Oren Peevy)
from Pauls Valley Democrat, 2 July 1914

We wonder if Sue knew about Robert Oren Peevy's first wife?

Ten years before Sue arrived at Crescent College, Robert Oren Peevy married 17-year-old Maude Rydens. (1) 

Two years later, the couple had a son, Robert Oren Peevy, Jr.  

The marriage was disastrous, and shortly after the baby's birth, Robert and Maude divorced.  
 
Southwestern Insane Asylum, Bexar County, Texas

 Maude became an inmate in the Southwestern Insane Asylum in Bexar, Texas, where she stayed until her death five decades later.  

The asylum had her identified as a widow, although Robert Oren Peevy was very much alive. (2) 

Four months after Sue's wedding announcement, the same paper published much sadder news:

Lucile Robinson Hill
portrait sketch by Rebecca J. Becker

DEATH OF MRS. HILL
Mrs. Lucile Hill, wife of W. R. Hill, aged 18 years, after an illness of several months, died last Saturday in the hospital at El Paso, Texas... The deceased leaves one child, about three years old and her husband.

Lucile had been both Sue's stepsister and her sister-in-law.  Lucile had married Sue's brother, William Riley Hill, when she was 15, and had lost two baby boys after the birth of their daughter.  She died of tuberculosis.

Lucile's mother (Sue's stepmother), Mrs. Mattie Hill, traveled to Texas for the funeral.

[Hill family relationships can be a bit confusing, and so we've created a sort of Dramatis Personnae for you, which you'll find at the end of this article.]

During all this time, Mrs Mattie Hill, Sue herself, and all of her brothers and sisters were engaged in a series of lawsuits, trying to break the terms of her father's will.

Some of the lawsuits revolved around the question of race.  When Sue and William Riley Hill's little brother had been killed in 1913, a legal battle erupted: what would happen to his share of their father's fortune?  

His full-blood siblings wanted his money to be divided only among them, by virtue of their mother's Chickasaw blood.

Sue and William Riley were two of these siblings.

The court ruled against them, and demanded that the money be divided among all the heirs equally.

At this point, however, none of the children had inherited a penny, nor would they for years to come.  Their father's wishes remained in effect, and none of them was entitled to a cent of his fortune until the youngest child, Ruth (only eight years old in 1914) reached her majority.

Sixteen months after her marriage, Sue gave birth to her son, Lucian Howe Peevy. 

For the next few years danger and distress lurked just beneath the surface of Sue's life.  A few clues:  first, a brief line in The Daily Ardmorite, 27 September 1919:
Mrs. Mattie Hill was called to Temple, Texas, Saturday by the serious illness of Mrs. Sue Peevy.
No details were given describing Sue's illness.  (They were revealed four years later in her husband's murder trial, however.)

The 1920 U.S. Federal Census revealed the next clue: Sue and her two-year-old son Lucian were living on their own.  She was 22 years old, divorced, listed as the head of house, and her employment was given as "Investments in Real Estate Industry."

The third clue isn't a hint so much as a bludgeon.

"HELEN MAXINE SHORT.
Eight-Year-Old Girl,
Whose Body was Found in a Pond
Near Eno, Adams County."
Denver Post, 25 July 1921

Banner headlines in the Denver Rocky Mountain News, 25 July 1921,  pronounce:
STEPFATHER OF SLAIN GIRL SOUGHT

CHILD, 10, BOUND AND PITCHED INTO WATER ALIVE, IDENTIFIED AS DAUGHTER OF DENVER WOMAN

Mother Tells of Threats and Believes Man Murdered Girl to Get Revenge When She Stopped Sending Money to Him; Arrest Is Near

The 10-year-old girl found murdered by drowning late Saturday, was Helen Maxine Short, daughter of Mrs. Thelma Hill, this city. 
This is the bare statement of last night's latest developments in probably the most brutal murder case Adams County police annals show...
[W]eights tied to the child's neck by wires, the clutching position of her hands, the marks made by the wires on her throat, showed, the authorities believe, that the little girl was throw into the water alive and left to die.
The man for whom they searched was Sue's brother, William Riley Hill.


 


The caption reads: "Upper left - Mrs. Thelma Hill, whose young daughter was murdered nine miles south of Brighton.  Upper right - Helen Maxine Short, whose body was found weighted with iron in an irrigation ditch.  Below - William Riley Hill, stepfather of slain girl, for whom police are searching, and another photograph of murder victim." - - Rocky Mountain News, 26 July 1921.

A few months ago we published an article about another Crescent College student, Frances Beebe.   Frances testified at a series of murder trials where Moman Pruiett, the most notorious lawyer in Oklahoma, was the defense attorney. 

(Moman Pruiett was no relation to Frank N. Pruett, Robert Oren Peevy's best friend, who will play a key role in the murder trial upcoming in Part Three.)


Moman Pruiett

Moman Pruiett played an even greater role in Sue Hill's life, and he entered the stage at exactly this point.

Pruiett had been friends with Sue and William Riley Hill's father.  It wasn't friendship that motivated his actions in this case, however:
In a deed filed on August 12, 1921:  'KNOW ALL MEN BY THESE PRESENTS:  That I, William Riley Hill, son of John T. Hill, deceased, of Pauls Valley... do hereby grant, bargain, sell and convey unto Moman Pruiett of Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, all of the following described real estate situated in Garvin County, Oklahoma, to-wit...'
 Here the document listed the details involving a transfer of 2,350 acres of land from William Riley Hill to Moman Pruiett, "all of the above land being... included in the Estate of John T. Hill, deceased...."

As his biographer noted, "Pruiett took deed to a neat fortune, for the defense of a case he knew he couldn't win." (3)

The Denver Post,  28 July 1921
William Riley Hill is pictured, in profile

  A few days after the screaming headlines appeared across the nation, William Riley Hill was caught and arrested.  

 
Denver Post, 27 July 1921
William Riley Hill (third from left) shortly after his arrest

He agreed to be interviewed by the Denver Post.  He declared that his wife had run off with a barber, and he'd come to Denver to track them down.

He maintained that he was not the girl's stepfather - - that he was, rather, her real father.  He said he and Thelma, the girl's mother, had been involved while [his first wife] Lucile had still been alive, and that they'd married after Lucile died.
We always represented that the girl was Mrs. [Thelma] Hill's daughter by a previous marriage to save her embarrassment.

I thought I had a right to my own child.... I got the child from the home and left a note to my wife to meet me.  She didn't show up, so on Thursday I started to walk with the girl.... (4)
Sue's brother maintained that when a dark-complected foreigner drove by in an automobile, he gave the girl into the stranger's care rather than make her keep walking.  William Riley Hill swore that the man (possibly an Italian) promised to take the child back to Denver.

Thelma Hill
portrait sketch by Rebecca J. Becker

In the same newspaper, Thelma swore the child was not William Riley Hill's.  She intimated that Hill had forced her into a life of prostitution, and that she had taken the child and run away when Hill threatened them both:
Time and again he forced me thru fear of my life and my baby's life to get money for him and he didn't care how I got it.
Despite her story, newspapers found it hard to champion Thelma's cause - - in part because of her appearance:
Mrs. Hill has nothing about her of the timid or shrinking or fearful type of woman.  On the contrary, she is close to nature in manner, method and thought. 

On her left arm is a large tattooed ornament.  She is the sort of woman who loves hard and hates hard, who serves well, and when cast off fights for what she intends to take with her. 

Her consuming desire now is to kill William Riley Hill.  'The man who dragged me in the dirt, made me a thing of the street, and then killed my baby because I wanted to shield and protect her.'
Moman Pruiett, William Riley Hill's defense attorney, knew that Sue Hill would impress a jury and invoke much more sympathy than Thelma Hill ever could.  He sent for the girl to come provide support and assistance in her brother's cause.

But details of Helen's death, as they were revealed, were so appalling Pruiett began to doubt that even Sue Hill's beauty would help William Riley's case.

Helen Maxine Short
portrait sketch by Rebecca J. Becker

Headlines began to emphasize William Riley Hill's race.  Hill's mother was from a prominent Chickasaw family, but W.R. was constantly described as "a half-breed Indian."  His own appearance (one paper described him as "a little ratty-faced man, only five feet four inches tall, with a small, receding chin, a long, pointed nose, close-set eyes, swarthy complexion and several days' growth of beard") was exaggerated to indicate his guilt.  

Hundreds of men threatened to storm the prison where William Riley Hill was being held.

SHERIFF ADOPTS RUSE TO PREVENT VIOLENCE ON ARRIVAL IN DENVER

CHILD WAS HORRIBLY SLASHED WITH A RAZOR BEFORE MURDER

I am certain [stated the sheriff] the people of Colorado do not want a repetition of the acts of mob violence such as have occurred in Oklahoma and elsewhere.  I want to assure the people that nothing will be overlooked in bringing about quick justice in conformity with correct legal procedure. (5)
Finally, Hill was arraigned.  He pleaded not guilty.  His trial was scheduled for October 1921.  


From Rocky Mountain News [Denver, Colorado] 24 February 1922.  Clockwise, from top left:  unnamed prisoner in profile, handcuffed to William Riley Hill (facing forward), Thelma Short Hill (William Riley Hill's second wife), Helen Maxine Short (William Riley Hill's stepdaughter, or daughter) and Sue Hill. 

When the trial began in Brighton, Colorado, Sue Hill was there, protesting her brother's innocence and giving interviews to newspapers and magazines avid for her story.

She scoffed at Thelma's story of being forced into prostitution.  Sue Hill explained that William Riley had no need of his wife's money: they were heirs to their father's fortune, comprised of "Oklahoma oil and farm lands valued at $4,450,000."

Journalists across the country were taken with the girl and described her glowingly as "the beautiful star witness" who came all the way from Pauls Valley, Oklahoma in defense of her brother. 

Yet even as Sue sat in the courtroom, she was hiding an enormous secret.  Brighton might have seemed a world away from Pauls Valley, but before William Riley's trial was over, Colorado newspapers discovered the truth. (6)

FIRED FIVE SHOTS INTO BODY OF RIVAL

TWO MORE SORDID TRAGEDIES LINKED TO HILL MURDER TRIAL

LEADING FIGURES IN STRANGER TRAGEDY CHAIN

Sister of Accused and His Attorney Involved in Killings
 
The Denver Post
27 October 1921

What happened to Sue, and what became of her brother, William Riley Hill?  What new horrors had transpired between his arrest and her appearance at his trial?

For the final dramatic chapter in this story of money, murder and madness, check our next issue when we conclude Sue Hill's saga, with Now You See Her... Part Three.



Who's Who in Part Two
Sue Hill Peevy
(Crescent College alumna)
Robert Oren Peevy
(her husband)
Frank Pruett
(Robert Oren Peevy's best friend, he'll play a key role in the murder trial in Part Three)
Mrs. Mattie Robinson Hill
(Sue's stepmother)
Lucile Robinson Hill, deceased
(Mattie's daughter, Sue's stepsister and sister-in-law, wife of Sue's brother William Riley Hill)
William Riley Hill
(Sue's brother, widower of Lucile Robinson Hill)
Ruth Hill
(Mattie's daughter, Sue's half-sister, eight years old in 1914)
Moman Pruiett
(legendary and infamous attorney, no relation of Frank Pruett)
Thelma Short Hill
(William Riley Hill's second wife, Sue's sister-in-law, mother of Helen Maxine Short)
Helen Maxine Short
(William Riley Hill's stepdaughter (or daughter) by his second wife (Thelma Short Hill), Sue's niece)


Many thanks to Elizabeth Cooksey for her superlative help during several drafts of this article, and to Keith Scales for his continuing encouragement and advice.  As Sue Hill would say, "Golly!"


 
(1)  Peevy is often seen as Peevey, and sometimes as Peavey.  Rydens is often spelled as Ridings.
(2) 
Why she was committed, or by whom, is still unknown, but she stayed confined in an asylum until her death on Valentine's Day, 1961.

(3)  Howard K. Berry, He Made It Safe To Murder: The Life of Moman Pruiett.  Oklahoma Heritage Association, Oklahoma City, OK, Pages 543-544.
(4)  The Denver Post [Denver, Colorado] 27 July 1921, Page 1.
(5)  The Denver Post [Denver, Colorado] 29 July 1921, Page 11.
(6) 
The Denver Post [Denver, Colorado] 11 October 1921, Pages 1 and 4.